A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Pathania, Pawan
- Microbiological Properties of Soil Influenced by Weed Control Methods in Maize-Pea Cropping System under Mid Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 42, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken in an ongoing experiment on maize-pea cropping system to study the effect of weed control methods on population of soil beneficial bacteria such as Azotobacter, Phosphate solublising microorganisms, basal soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon after the harvest of maize crop over a period of three years from 2010 to 2012. In maize, there were five weed control treatments viz. weedy check; mechanical weedings; atrazine 0.75 kg/ha pre-emergence; atrazine 1.5 kg/ha pre-emergence; atrazine 0.75 kg/ha fb. 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha) and in pea there were four treatments viz, weedy check; mechanical weeding; pendimethalin 1.0/1.25 kg/ha pre- emergence; pedimethalin 0.75 kg/ha fb mechanical weeding. Weed control treatments in maize resulted in significant variation in the count of Azotobacter and phosphate solublizing microorganisms. Population of Azotobacter was significantly higher under pre-emergence application of atrazine 1.50 kg/ha (14.93x104 cfu/g dry soil), mechanical weeding (14.46x104 cfu/g dry soil), and atrazine 1.0 kg/ha fb. 2,4-D 0.5 kg/ha (13.70x104 cfu/g dry soil) over atrazine 1.0 kg/ha fb hand weeding. Atrazine 1.50 kg/ha and atrazine 1.0 kg/ha fb. 2,4-D resulted in significantly higher count of phosphate solublizing microorganisms over mechanical weeding. Weed control in maize also did not show any significant influence in soil pH, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and basal soil respiration. Weed control treatment in pea gave significant variation in count of Azotobacter, phosphate solublising microorganisms, basal soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon. Population of Azotobacter was highest under mechanical weeding. Pendimethalin 1.20 kg/ha and pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha fb mechanical weeding had lower population than mechanical weeding. The population of phosphate solublizing microorganisms was significantly higher under pendimethalin 1.20 kg/ha and pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha fb mechanical weeding over mechanical weeding alone. Weed control treatments applied in pea did not significantly influence the count of Azospirillum, pH, and organic carbon after the harvest of maize. Pendimethalin 1.20 kg/ha and pendimethalin 0.75 kg/ha fb mechanical weeding had higher microbial biomass carbon over mechanical weeding alone. Pendimethalin had significant decrease in soil respiration after the harvest of maize which is an important indicator of soil biological health.Keywords
Azotobacter, Maize-Pea Cropping System, Microbiological Properties, Weed Control Methods.References
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- Integrated Farming System Approach for Enhancing the Livelihood Security & Productivity of Hill Farmers
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, Forage & Grassland Management, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 7, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 1-6Abstract
Objective: Integrated farming System approach is thought of as a sure way of enhancing farm productivity by judicious use of resources thus providing livelihood security to farmers. Keeping this in consideration one hectare on station integrated farming system model was established in 2010 to assess system productivity, profitability, relative efficiencies, and resource use to optimize individual components of farming systemat the Research Farm of CSKHKV, Palampur for 2016-17.
Methods: One hectare model consisted of 0.65 ha for field crops, 0.175 ha for Horticulture cum vegetable, 0.10 ha for fodder crops, 0.075 ha for dairy, poultry, vermin compost and Mushroom unit. Economic analysis was done by calculating cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns, B:C ratio on the basis of prevailing market prices for inputs and outputs in 2016-17. Maximum yields obtained in Rice-wheat cropping system in farmers’ field were the base for comparison with one ha IFS Model.
Findings: The one hectare IFS model resulted in gross returns of ₹3, 06,270/-, net returns of ₹1, 28,698/- and B:C ratio of 0.76. However, rice-wheat cropping system in the entire area would result in only net returns of ₹44,000/-.Thus; the net returns to the tune of 2.92 times higher in IFS model were compared obtained to that obtained in rice-wheat cropping system. However, replacing rice-wheat with maize + soybean-potato cropping system would result in net returns of ₹184200/- per hectare. Maize + soybean - peas cropping system gave the least net returns (₹33930/- per hectare), though the B:C ratio was higher (2.12) followed by B:C ratio of 2.10 in maize + soybean - potato. Vegetable intercropping in Horticulture plantation resulted in net returns of ₹9627/-, dairy unit gave net returns of ₹49,604/-, fodder crops (₹17,031/-), and Mushroom cultivation (₹1847/-). The profit share of different components viz. cropping systems (33.71%), forage (13.23%), Mushroom (8%) and vegetable (7.4%) of the total net returns was obtained.
Application: With the raising of complementary and interdependent components in IFS Model variety of products viz. cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, fruits, milk, eggs, mushroom were obtained which gave balanced nutrition to the family, regular income throughout the year, and more employment generation round the year.
Keywords
Maize-Wheat, Rice-Wheat, Cropping System, Farming System, Net Returns.References
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- Characterization and Economic Analysis of Farming Systems in Una District of Himachal Pradesh
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 44, No 1&2 (2018), Pagination: 43-49Abstract
The characterization survey of 306 farm families were conducted in Amb and Bangana blocks of Una district using multistage random sampling method. Crops + Livestock farming system adopted by 74.5% of the total households was found as the major Farming System prevalent in the area. Percent income contribution to the total farm income varied from 58.7% to 85.8% among large and marginal farms respectively. Among different enterprises, contribution of income from crop production to the total farm income in the sample farms varied from 49.7% to 73.9% among large and marginal sample farms. Overall contribution of crop production enterprise averaged over all the categories in the sample households was 62.50%. Study revealed that majority of the farmers in Amb and Bangana blocks face non-availability of quality seed as a major constraint for crop production. Lack of proper feed for animals and lack of access to veterinary service centre were surveyed to major constraint in respect of livestock component. Menace of wild and stray animals was recorded to the major socio-economic constraint limiting the crop production in the district.Keywords
Farming System, Income, Constraints, Characterization.References
- Anonymous 2014. Statistics of District Una: Summary (2013-14) depicting data for the year 2012-13
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- Evaluation of Different Crop Sequences for Yield, Crop Duration, Land Use Efficiency and Per Day Food Availability
Authors
1 Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
Source
Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol 46, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 193-196Abstract
An experiment was conducted during 2018-19 in the mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh at Bhadiarkar experimental farm of Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur (H.P.). The experiment comprised of ten treatments (maize-wheat; maize-wheat + gobhi sarson; dhaincha-early cabbage-frenchbean; sunhemp-vegetable pea-frenchbean; maize + soybean-chickpea + linseed; rice-wheat + gram; hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-oats + sarson (hybrid); hybrid sorghum + hybrid bajra-ryegrass + berseem; babycorn-broccoli-frenchbean and okra-turnip-tomato) which was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. All the crop sequences have higher food availability in comparison to the rice-wheat + gram and maize-wheat (16.44 and 17.92 kg ha-1 day-1). The diversification of the traditional crop sequences not only lead to better utilization of the land resources but also provided higher food availability.Keywords
Crop Sequences, Diversification, Food Availability, Land Use Efficiency, Maize.References
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- Kumar A, Jat SL, Parihar CM, Singh AK and Kumar V. 2013. Crop diversification through maize based cropping systems. Directorate of Maize Research, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110 012, pp. 4-8.
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